# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # variable with wildcards to match all names starting with "."
# # (on bash, you may need to use echo -e option to make this work):
# dots=".[`echo \\\\001--0-\\\\0177`]*"
# # Version of above for shells whose echo doesn't understand \nnn
# #dots=".[`echo Y--0-Z | tr YZ \\001\\177`]*"
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # functions for vi -- switching between .exrc files and calling vi with a search
# 
#         # --- INITIALIZATION FOR 'vi' FUNCTIONS --- #
# EXSTAT=text
# export EXSTAT
# 
#         # --- THESE ALIASES RESET THE .exrc FILE --- #
# # SET 'vi' FOR 4-CHARACTER TABS/SHIFTS:
# vi4() { cp $HOME/lib/vi/exrc4 $HOME/.exrc; EXSTAT=programming; }
# # SET 'vi' FOR 8-CHARACTER TABS/SHIFTS:
# vi8() { cp $HOME/lib/vi/exrc8 $HOME/.exrc; EXSTAT=text; }
# # SET 'vi' FOR QUICK WORK WHEN SYSTEM IS SLOW (NO .exrc FILE):
# qvi() { rm $HOME/.exrc; EXSTAT=quick; }
# 
#         # --- THESE ARE THE vi ALIASES. ONE SETS THE vi MODE FIRST --- #
# vi() { echo "MODE: $EXSTAT"; /usr/ucb/vi "$@"; }
# # CALL vi WITH A SEARCH:
# vs() { vi8; vi +/"$@"; }
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # Automatic Setup When You Enter and Exit A Directory
# #
# # When you cd into a directory and a file named `.enter.sh' exists,
# # the commands in it will be run by your current shell.
# # When you cd out of a directory and a file named `.exit.sh' exists,
# # the commands in it will be run by your current shell.
# 
# # Korn Shell version (needs an alias to override builtin "cd"):
# alias cd=_cd
# _cd() {
#    test -r .exit.sh && . .exit.sh
#    cd "$1"
#    test -r .enter.sh && . .enter.sh
# }
# 
# # Bash version:
# cd() {
#    test -O .exit.sh && . .exit.sh
#    builtin cd "$1"
#    test -O .enter.sh && . .enter.sh
# }
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # Set and remove write permissions from a file
# # Two versions, one for Korn shell
# 
# # change mode to read only
# alias -w='chmod -w'
# # change mode to add write permission
# alias +w='chmod u+w'
# 
# # Korn shell doesn't want to store an alias named '-w', so use these:
# #alias c-w='chmod -w'
# #alias c+w='chmod u+w'
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # Aliases to alter your umask
# #
# # With these two values of umask, new files and directories will have
# # permissions of 775 or 755, respectively.
# 
# alias open='umask 002'
# alias shut='umask 022'
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # Find repeated words.  Reads files or standard input.
# #
# # CHOOSE ONE:
# # For Berkeley tr(1):
# ww() { cat $* | tr -cs "a-z'" "\012" | uniq -d; }
# # For System V tr(1):
# #ww() { cat $* | tr -cs "[a-z]'" "[\012*]" | uniq -d; }
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # Find files only in the current directory with -prune
# 
# # print using -print (complete path name only)
# Find() { find . \( -type d ! -name . -prune \) -o \( "$@" -print \); }
# 
# # print using -s (gives output similar to `ls -ilds')
# Findls() { find . \( -type d ! -name . -prune \) -o \( "$@" -ls \); }
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # This sets a three-line prompt for the bash shell: one blank line,
# # one line with the hostname and current directory, and a third
# # with the history number and a percent sign.
# # This should be placed in your .bash_profile and/or .bashrc file.
# #
# # The prompt will look something like:
# # <blank line>
# # username@hostname current_directory
# # history_number % 
# 
# PS1='\n\u@\h \w\n\! \$ '
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # VT102 alias: puts $host:$cwd in status line. Escape sequences are:
# # ${e}7 = save cursor position, ${e}[25;1f = move to start of status line
# # (line 25), ${e}[0K = erase line, ${e}8 = restore cursor
# 
# e=`echo \\\\033`             # An ESCape character
# #e=`echo x | tr x \\\\033`   # Use this if your echo can't handle \nnn
# host=`uname -n`
# 
# # For Korn shell:
# #alias cd=_cd
# #_cd() { cd "$1" && echo "${e}7${e}[25;1f${e}[0K${host}:${PWD}${e}8\c"; }
# 
# # For bash:
# cd() { builtin cd "$1" && echo -e "${e}7${e}[25;1f${e}[0K${host}:${PWD}${e}8\c"; }
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # Make a blinking prompt.  This example makes the prompt:
# # root:hostname
# # with `root' blinking.
# # Notice that prompt is set inside doublequotes -- so the uname -n command
# # is run once, when the PS1 string is first stored.
# #
# # For Bourne and Korn shells, put ESCape character in $e.
# # Use to start blinking mode (${e}[5m) and go back to normal mode (${e}[0m)
# # on VT100-series terminals.
# e="`echo x | tr x '\033'`"
# PS1="${e}[5mroot${e}[0m@`uname -n`# "
# 
# # For bash, comment out the two lines above.  Use octal character values:
# #PS1="\033[5mroot\033[0m@`uname -n`# "
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # This makes a multi-line prompt that shows the directory stack.  These
# # commands should be put in your .bash_profile and/or .bashrc file.
# #
# # The prompt will look something like:
# # <blank line>
# # username@hostname directory_stack
# # history_number % 
# #
# # This makes a blank line before each prompt; to avoid that,
# # remove the first \n.
# 
# PS1='\n\u@\h $(dirs)\n\! \$ '
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # Shell functions that run "ls" with options.
# #
# # We don't recommend making a function named "ls" that overrides the
# # standard ls.  Instead, we recommend using other names for "ls"
# # (like la and lf) -- and leaving the standard ls for times you might
# # need it.
# #
# la () { ls -a "$@"; }
# lf () { ls -F "$@"; }
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # print a file, lines folded at right margin, filename in heading:
# prF() { fold "$1" | pr -h "$1"; }
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # number lines and print, lines folded at right margin, filename in heading:
# prnF() { cat -n "$1" | fold | pr -h "$1"; }
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # Use perl to find all "text" files (files that contain less than
# # 10% non-control characters) in the current directory:
# findtext() { perl -le '-T && print while $_ = shift' *; }
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # shell function that prints the name of the newest file in a group
# newer() { ls -dt "$@" | head -1; }
# # Use this instead if your system doesn't have "head":
# #newer() { ls -dt "$@" | sed 1q; }
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # compare modification times of /etc/motd and ~/.hushlogin to see
# # which is newer.  If /etc/motd is newer, show it.
# 
# case "`ls -t /etc/motd $HOME/.hushlogin`" in
# /etc/motd*)	# ls printed the motd filename first
#     cat /etc/motd
#     touch $HOME/.hushlogin
#     ;;
# esac
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # This shell function is for systems that don't have the tail(1) utility.
# # It outputs the last ten lines of a file or standard input.
# ptail() { sed -e :a -e '$q;N;11,$D;ba' $1; }
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # Shell function front-end to the "which" utility on the Power Tools disc.
# # Edit the "/usr/local/bin/which" to the right pathname for your system.
# which()
# {
# 	eval last=\"\$$#\"
# 	set | sed -n "/^$last(){$/,/^}$/p" |
# 		/usr/local/bin/which -i ${1+"$@"}
# }
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # Put date and time in the Bourne Shell prompt; update every 60 seconds:
# trap 'PS1=`date "+%a %D %H:%M%n"`\
# $\ ' 5
# while :
# do
#     sleep 60
#     kill -5 $$
# done &
# promptpid=$!
# 
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # Runs vi on the filename you give; adds today's date to end of name
# vid() { vi "$1".`date +%m.%d`; }
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # cd with abbreviated pathnames -- Just type the initials (first
# # letter, or more) of each directory in the pathname, starting at the
# # root direcctory.  Put a period after each part.
# #   eg: c u.i.h.  might match with /usr/include/hsfs
# 
# c()
# {
# 	dir="$1"
# 
# 	# Delete dots.  Surround every letter with "/" and "*".
# 	# Add a final "/." to be sure this only matches a directory:
# 	dirpat="`echo $dir | sed 's/\([^.]*\)\./\/\1*/g'`/."
# 
# 	# In case $dirpat is empty, set dummy "x" then shift it away:
# 	set x $dirpat; shift
# 
# 	# Do the cd if we got one match, else print error:
# 	if [ "$1" = "$dirpat" ]; then
# 		# pattern didn't match (shell didn't expand it)
# 		echo "c: no match for $dirpat" 1>&2
# 	elif [ $# = 1 ]; then
# 		echo "$1"
# 		cd "$1"
# 	else
# 		echo "c: too many matches for $dir:" 1>&2
# 		ls -d "$@"
# 	fi
# 
# 	unset dir dirpat
# }
# 
# # - - - - - - - - - - -
# 
# # shell function to search down, starting at the current directory, for
# # any file or directory name which contains the name you give this.
# ff() { find . -name "*$1*" -ls; }